Franja

várstvo protection (pred from); guardianship; tutelage; custody; safeguard; shelter

pod várstvom noči under the cover of night
socialno várstvo social security, social welfare
sodno várstvo judicial protection
vzeti kaj v várstvo to take charge of something
vzel nas je v svoje várstvo he took us under his protection
vzeti v várstvo pred... to shield from...

váruštvo guardianship; ward; custody; trusteeship

biti pod váruštvom to be a ward, to be under someone's wardship

vdáti se to submit (v to); to submit oneself; (predati se) vojska to surrender (oneself)

vdáti se v kaj to abandon oneself to something
brezpogojno vdáti se vojska to surrender unconditionally
vdáti se pijači to be addicted to drink
vdáti se v božjo voljo to submit to God's will
vdáti se v usodo to resign oneself to one's fate
vdáti se strastem to indulge one's passions, to give way to one's passions, to abandon oneself to one's passions
tla so se mu vdala pod nogami the ground gave way beneath him

véder serene; cloudless; clear; (vesel) cheerful, merry

kot blisk z védrega neba like a bolt from the blue
védra starost serene old age
védro vreme serene (ali fair) weather
véder dan bright day
pod védrim nebom (taborjenje, prenočevanje) in bivouac, (v šotoru) under canvas

visòk -ôka, -o high; (postava, rast) tall; (cena) high, dear; steep, stiff; (dvignjen) raised, elevated; (vzvišen) lofty

visòk, -ôka, -oa cena stiff price
visòk, -ôka, -oa družba high society
visòk, -ôka, -o čin high rank
visòk, -ôka, -oa globa heavy fine
visòk, -ôka, -oa igra playing for high stakes
visòk, -ôka, -oa kazen heavy penalty, severe punishment
prepovedano pod visòk, -ôka, -oo kaznijo prohibited under a heavy (ali a severe) penalty
visòk, -ôka, -oa politika high politics
visòk, -ôka, -oo poletje high summer
visòk, -ôka, -oa sezona high season
visòk, -ôka, -oega rodu high-born, of high birth
visòk, -ôka, -oa starost ripe old age
doživeti visòk, -ôka, -oo starost to live to a ripe old age
na visòk, -ôka, -oem severu in the far North
visòk, -ôka, -o krvni pritisk high blood pressure
področje visòk, -ôka, -oega pritiska high-pressure area
visòk, -ôka, -oa šola college
visòk, -ôka, -oa »živina« pogovorno big shot, big noise, big gun
visòk, -ôka, -oega stanú of high standing
imeti visòk, -ôka, -oo mnenje o to have a high opinion of, to think highly of (someone)
dobivati visòk, -ôka, -oe mezde, plače to get high wages
zavzemati visòk, -ôka, -oo mesto (položaj) to occupy a high position
on je visòk, -ôka, -oa »živina« (figurativno) he's a big noise

vláda government; reign; rule; domination; régime, arhaično regiment; sway

za vláde kraljice Viktorije in the reign of Queen Victoria
vláda žensk petticoat government
začasna vláda interim government
vláda v izgnanstvu government-in-exile
koalicijska vláda coalition government
vojaška vláda military government
zvezna vláda federal government
vláda je odstopila the government has resigned
sestaviti vládo to form a government
vreči vládo to overthrow a government
ves svet je bil pod vládo Rima the whole world was under the sway of Rome

vôda water; humoristično Adam's ale

po kopnem in po vôdi by land and by water
po vôdi navzdol downriver, downstream
po vôdi navzgor, proti vôdi upriver, upstream
bistra vôda limpid (ali clear) water
mehka (trda) vôda soft (hard) water
sladka (morska, tekoča, mineralna, pitna) vôda fresh (salt, running ali flowing, mineral ali table, drinking) water
termalna vôda thermal water
talna vôda underground water
mirujoča, stoječa vôda stagnant water, sluggish water
slana vôda brackish water
soda vôda soda water, aerated water
težka vôda kemija heavy water
kalna vôda troubled water
filtrirana vôda filtered water
mrzla in topla tekoča vôda cold and hot running water
neprepusten za vôdo watertight
curek vôde jet of water
pomanjkanje vôde water shortage
preskrba z vôdo water supply
vrč za vôdo water jug, pitcher
zdravljenje z vôdo hydropathy
v kitajskih vôdah in Chinese waters
to je vôda na njegov mlin (figurativno) this is grist to his mill
saj ne gori vôda! (figurativno) there's no tearing hurry!
polja so pod vôdo the fields are under water (ali flooded, inundated, submerged)
daj mi malo vôde, da si umijem roke! give me some water to wash my hands with!
iti po vôdo to fetch water
piti mineralno vôdo (v toplicah) to take the waters
nositi vôdo v Savo (figurativno) to carry coals to Newcastle
plavati na vôdi to float
naši načrti so šli po vôdi our plans went wrong
piti viski brez vôde to drink whisky neat
pasti v vôdo (figurativno) to come to naught, to fall through, (pogovorno) to fizzle out
s tem pade to v vôdo (VB pogovorno) this means it's a washout, this makes it a washout
moji načrti so padli v vôdo my plans have come to nothing
v kalni vôdi ribariti to fish in troubled waters
puščati vôdo (o ladji) to leak
zadrževati vôdo (= ne urinirati) to hold one's water
zaiti v pregloboko vôdo to go out of one's depth
tiha vôda globoko dere (bregove podira) still waters run deep
spustiti vôdo (urinirati) to make water

vódstvo guidance; leadership; lead; conduct; (uprava) administration, management, managing; direction

vódstvo ekspedicije leadership of an expedition
vódstvo tvrdke running of a firm
pod vódstvom under the direction (ali lead) of
prevzeti vódstvo to take the lead (tudi šport)
prevzeti vódstvo tvrdke to take over the management (ali running) of a firm

vplív influence (na over, on); ascendancy, ascendency, ascendance, ascendence; sway; impact (na on); hold (on); interest (pri with)

pod vplívom under the influence
biti pod vplívom koga to be under the influence of someone
imeti vplív na to exercise (ali to exert, to have) an influence (up)on, to influence (someone)
imeti vplív pri kom to have influence with someone
imel je velik vplív nanje he had a great ascendancy over them
priti pod vplív koga to come (to fall) under someone's sway
imeti velik vplív pri to carry weight with
Voltairov vplív na sodobnike Voltaire's influence over his contemporaries
te okoliščine niso imele nobenega vplíva na izid (rezultat) these circumstances had no effect on the result
njegov oče nima nobenega vplíva nanj his father has no hold on him
uporabiti svoj vplív pri kom to use one's influence with someone
uveljaviti svoj vplív pri kom to bring one's influence to bear on someone

vréči to throw, to fling; to hurl; (mrežo, sidro, kocko) to cast; (pri izpitu) to pluck

nazaj vréči to throw back
vréči na tla to throw (ali to fling) down
vréči pogled na to glance at
vréči kamen v psa to throw a stone at a dog
vréči mrežo to cast a net
proč vréči to throw away, to discard
vréči novec v zrak to toss a coin
vréči komu kaj to fling something at someone
vréči v ječo to fling into prison, to cast (ali to clap) in prison
vréči vrv komu (figurativno) to throw a rope to someone
ven vréči to turn out, pogovorno to chuck out (koga someone)
vréči žreb to cast lots
vréči puško v koruzo (figurativno) to hang up one's ax(e), to throw in the towel (ali the sponge)
vréči komu kaj v obraz (= očitati mu) to throw (ali to fling) something in someone's teeth
vréči koga iz službe to sack someone, to give someone the sack, to dismiss, ZDA to fire someone
vréči pismo v nabiralnik to drop a letter into a pillar box
vréči komu polena pod noge (figurativno) to put a spoke in someone's wheel
vréči (metati) slabo luč na koga to bring discredit (up)on someone
vréči komu žogo to throw a ball to someone
vréči se to throw oneself, to fling oneself
vréči se po kom (figurativno) to take after someone, to resemble someone
vréči se na delo to throw oneself into a task (ali a job)
vréči se v kaj (figurativno) to fling oneself into something
vréči se komu v naročje to fling oneself into someone's arms
vréči se komu k nogam to throw oneself at someone's feet
vréči se na to throw oneself upon, to fall upon, (lotiti se) to tackle
trije možje so se vrgli nanj three men pounced upon him
vréči se na sovražnika to rush (ali to dash) at the enemy

vróč hot, (kot krop) boiling hot; fervid; tropical; figurativno ardent, passionate; burning

vróča diskusija animated discussion
vróči pas torrid zone
vróč zrak hot air
vróča voda hot water
vróče mi je I am hot
vróče je kot v peklu it's as hot as hell
tam bo še vróče (figurativno) there will be hot work
vróče podnebje hot climate
vróče sonce hot sun
postajalo mi je vróče I was getting hot
imeti vróčo kri (figurativno) to be hot-tempered
napraviti komu tla vróča pod nogami to make it hot (ali warm) for someone, to make the place too hot for someone

vtís impression; impress; sensation; effect; tiskarstvo stamp, imprint; mark

trajen (globok) vtís lasting (deep) impression
(ne)ugoden vtís (un)favourable impression
biti pod vtísom, da... to be under the impression that...
imam vtís, da... it is my impression that...
imel je vtís, kot da... he had the impression that...
dajati vtís to give an (oziroma the) impression
dobiti, imeti dober vtís o čem to be favourably impressed by something
napraviti vtís na koga to impress someone, to leave an impression on someone
novica, vest je napravila zelo velik vtís the news created a sensation (ali a stir)
predstava je napravila name globok vtís the performance made (ali produced) a profound impression on me
name je napravilo vtís... I was impressed by...
storiti kaj, da bi napravili vtís to do something for effect
zapustiti neizbrisen vtís to leave one's mark (on)

vzéti to take

vzéti si čas to take one's time
vzéti si dopust to take a holiday; to get leave of absence
vzéti (jemati) čas to take up time
vzéti koga v avto to give someone a lift
vzéti eno z drugim to take one thing with another
vzéti v posest to take possession of
vzéti si k srcu to take (something) to heart
vzéti v presojo, v pretres to discuss, to examine
vzéti slovo od to take leave of
vzéti v poštev, v račun to take into account (ali into consideration)
vzéti (smatrati) kaj za samoumevno to take something for granted
vzéti na poskušnjo to take on trial; (ali trgovina on approval)
vzéti (v najem) stanovanje to take a flat
vzéti komu mere za obleko to measure someone for a suit, to take someone's measurements, za obutev to take someone's foot measurements
vzéti (kupiti) vozovnico to take a ticket
vzéti taksi to take a taxi
vzéti na znanje to take notice of
vzéti v najem, v zakup to rent
vzéti koga v službo to engage someone, to take someone into one's service
vzéti strup (zastrupiti se) to take poison
vzéti na kredit to take on credit
vzéti posojilo to raise a loan
vzéti koga za svojega (posvojiti) to adopt someone
vzéti v roke to take in one's hands
vzéti za zlo to take amiss, to take in bad part
vzéti pod streho (koga) to lodge, to take in, to shelter, to give shelter
vzéti nazaj to take back
vzéti življenje takšno, kot je to take the rough with the smooth
narazen vzéti to take apart, to take asunder
vzéti kaj za sveto resnico to take something for gospel truth
vzéti si življenje to take one's (own) life, to commit suicide
vzemi ali pa pusti! take it or leave it!
vzemi dežnik s seboj! take your umbrella!
vzemi to resno! take it seriously!
kakor se vzame (figurativno) that depends
vrag vzemi to! deuce take it!
vzela sta se they got married
tega si ne pustim vzéti I insist on it
vzemi se skupaj! (pridi spet k sebi!) be yourself!
vzemite se skupaj! (figurativno) pull yourself together!
vzemite me s seboj! take me along!
vse so mu vzeli they took everything from him

zaječáti to groan, to moan

zaječáti pod bremenom to groan under a heavy burden
zaječáti od bolečine to groan with pain

zákon

1. (postava, zaveza) law; act (of parliament); tehnika principle

pisani zákon statute
božji zákon divine law
Grimmov zákon gramatika Grimm's law
duh zákona the spirit of the law
po angleškem zákonu under English law
na temelju zákona by virtue of a law, under a law
zbirka zákonov digest (of laws)
zákon ponudbe in povpraševanja the law of supply and demand
zákoni perspektive the laws pl of perspective
kršilec zákona lawbreaker, transgressor, offender
kršitev zákona transgression (ali violation) of a law, offence, ZDA offense
oseba zunaj zákona outlaw
oseba, ki se pokorava zákonu law-abiding person
tolmačenje zákona interpretation of the law, law interpretation
luknja v zákonu loophole in the law
zaščiten z zákonom protected by law
novi (stari) zákon religija New (Old) Testament
z zákonom pooblaščen organ statutorily empowered authority
izdati zákon to pass (ali to promulgate) a law
izvrševati zákone to administer the law
odobriti zákon to ratify (ali to approve) a law
obiti zákon to circumvent (ali to evade) to get round the law
kršiti zákon to infringe (ali to violate, to transgress, to contravene) a law
pasti, priti pod zákon to come under a law
postati zákon to become law, to pass into law
postaviti koga izven zákona to outlaw someone
zákon je prevladal the law prevailed
sprejeti zákon parlament to pass a bill
izboljšati, spremeniti zákon to amend a law
razveljaviti, ukiniti zákon to abrogate (ali to repeal) a law
zákon velja the law is in force, the law is valid (ali binding)
zákon bo stopil v veljavo dne 1. januarja the law will come into force (ali will come into effect) on the 1st of January
temeljiti na zákonu to be based on statutory authority
urejati z zákonom to regulate by statute and constitution
uvajati z zákonom to introduce by statute
uveljaviti zákon to enforce a law, to put a law into force

2. (zakonska zveza) marriage, matrimony, wedlock

civilni zákon civil marriage
divji zákon cohabitation, concubinage
ločitev zákona divorce
nesrečen zákon an ill-assorted couple
poskusni zákon ZDA companionate marriage
njun zákon je bil srečen their marriage was a happy one
zákon je bil ločen the marriage was dissolved
ima sina iz prvega zákona she has a son by her first marriage
živela sta v srečnem zákonu they lived in connubial bliss
živeti v divjem zákonu (figurativno) to cohabit, to live together (as man and wife)

zastáva¹ (prapor) flag, (zlasti vojska) colours pl; standard; banner

zastáva na pol droga flag at half-mast
bela (parlamentarska) zastáva flag of truce
bela zastáva white flag
piratska zastáva skull and crossbones, Jolly Roger, (pirate's) black flag
kraljevska zastáva (prapor) royal standard
državna zastáva Velike Britanije Union Jack
zastáva britanske vojne mornarice White Ensign
zastáva angleške trgovske mornarice Red Ensign
zastáva ZDA Stars and Stripes
zastáva trgovske mornarice merchant flag
pozdrav zastávi trooping of the colour
z razvitimi zastávami with flying colours
pred odhodom ladje dvignjena modra zastáva Blue Peter
mesto je v zastávah the town is decorated (ali hung) with flags (ali with bunting)
okrasiti z zastávami to flag
izobesiti zastávo to hoist the flag (ali the colours)
izobesiti belo zastávo (figurativno, vdati se) to hang out the white flag
dvigniti zastávo svobode (figurativno) to raise the standard of liberty
pluti pod napačno zastávo (figurativno) to sail under false colours
razviti zastávo to unfurl the banner
priseči zastávi to swear allegiance to the flag
spustiti zastávo (= priznati poraz) to lower (ali to strike) the flag (ali one's colours)
spuščati in dvigati zastávo v pozdrav to dip the flag

zaščíta protection (pred from); shelter, sheltering; screening; safeguard; guarding against

brez zaščíte unprotected
pod zaščíto koga under the aegis of
pod zaščíto noči under shelter (ali under cover) of night
protiletalska zaščíta antiaircraft protection
zdravstvena zaščíta health service, medical service, ZDA medicare
dati, nuditi zaščíto to give protection
iskati zaščíto to seek protection
vzeti koga v zaščíto to take someone under one's protection (pogovorno under one's wing)

zdravníški doctor's; medical

zdravníška pomoč medical assistance, (na domu) outdoor relief
zdravníški poklic medical profession
zdravníški pregled medical examination
zdravníški recept (medical) prescription
zdravníško spričevalo, potrdilo medical certificate, pogovorno doctor's note
zdravníška veda medical science
biti pod zdravníško kontrolo to be under the doctor
biti v zdravníški oskrbi (negi) to be under medical care

zêmlja (planet) earth, Earth, (terrestrial) globe; (svet) world; (dežela) land, (tla) soil, ground

na zêmlji on earth
nad zêmljo above ground, overground
pod zêmljo underground
vse stvari na zêmlji all things on earth
izčrpana zêmlja poor soil, impoverished (ali exhausted) soil
mastna zêmlja fat earth
rodovitna zêmlja rich soil, fertile soil
slaba zêmlja poor soil
kopna zêmlja land, (celina, kopno) mainland
žgana zêmlja terra cotta
Sveta zêmlja religija the Holy Land
Ognjena zêmlja Tierra del Fuego
zêmlja! (na vidiku!) land ho!
sadovi zêmlje the fruits of the earth
naša zêmlja je lepa our country is beautiful
ležati na zêmlji to lie on the ground
obdelovati zêmljo to cultivate, to till the soil
pasti na zêmljo to fall to the ground
pogrezniti se v zêmljo to sink into the ground
spati na goli zêmlji (na tleh) to sleep on the bare ground
Zemlja se vrti okoli Sonca the earth revolves around the sun
zravnati z zêmljo to level (ali to lay level) with the ground, to raze (ali to rase) with the ground
zvezati z zêmljo VB to earth (ZDA to ground)

znán known; noted (po for); well-known

splošno znán notorious (po, zaradi for)
po vsem svetu znán well-known all over the world
znán pod imenom... known as...
znán obraz familiar face
znána substanca kemija (the) known
znána veličina matematika (the) known quantity
drugače znán pod imenom... alias, also known as (krajšava: aka)
kolikor je znáno as far as is known
kolikor mi je znáno as far as I know
znáno mi je, da... I know that...
znáno je dejstvo, da... it is a well-known fact that...
on je znán kot dober učitelj he is known to be a good teacher
on mi je znán he is known to me
biti znán s kom to be acquainted with someone
si znán z njim? are you acquainted with him?
nisem osebno znán z njegovim bratom I am not personally acquainted with his brother