Franja

rāmus -ī, m (iz *u̯rādmos; prim. rādīx, radius)

1.
a) veja, brstika, mladika, poganjek, mladica (naspr. stirps): Vulg., Eccl. idr., praetereuntes ramum defringunt arboris Ci., rami frondentes V., viridis O., nodosus, retorridus Sen. ph., ab eius (sc. cornūs) summo sicut palmae ramique late diffunduntur C. dlanaste razrasti, dlanasti razrastki.
b) pren.: non solum ramos amputare miseriarum, sed omnes radicum fibras evellere Ci., fortitudo, cuius patientia et perpessio et tolerantia rami sunt Sen. ph.
c) veja kot Herkulov bat, bèt, kij, gorjača: Pr.

2. sinekdoha
a) steblo, drevo: bacas dant rami V.
b) listje: tempora cingite ramis V.
c) (drevesni) sad, sadje, sadeži, ovočje: (sc. eos) rami atque venatus alebant V.

3. metaf.
a) posamezno trstno steblo, trst: Plin.
b) pl. rami roglja grške črke Υ (Pitagora ju je uporabil kot simbol za razpotje dveh različnih načinov nravstvenega življenja): et tibi quae Samios deduxit littera ramos surgentem dextro monstravit limite callem Pers., Pythagorae bivium ramis pateo ambiguis — Y Aus.
c) veja, odrastek, razrastek gorovja: mons Cambalidus, qui est Caucasi ramus Plin.
d) rokav reke: quodcumque ex his elegeris, amnis est; multos nihilominus [non] ignobiles ramos in aliud atque aliud litus exporrigit (sc. Nilus) Sen. ph.
e) veja = rod, sorodstvena linija, sorodstveno deblo, loza, panoga sorodstva: hoc satis? an deceat pulmonem rumpere ventis, stemmate quod Tusco ramum millesime ducis Pers.
f) kadilo: vobis rubra dabunt pretiosas aequora conchas, Indus ebur, ramos Panchaia, vellera Seres Cl.
g) moški spolni ud, penis: Prud., puerum mulieri praestare noenu scis, quanto siet melior cuius vox gallulascit, cuius iam ramus roborascit? Nov. fr.
h) odcep, razcep, veja, vod vodovoda: ramus Augustae (sc. aquae) Front., sublatis eiusmodi ramis (veje, odcepi cevi) Front.

Rand, der, (-/e/s, Ränder) rob (tudi Mathematik, figurativ); (Ende) krajec; (Umrandung) obroba; bis an den Rand do roba; am Rande na robu (česa), tik ob; am Rande sein biti pri/na koncu (z); außer Rand und Band sein ponoreti, biti ves iz sebe (od veselja); mit etwas nicht zu Rande kommen ne zmoči (česa), ne obvladati (česa); zu Rande bringen dokončati, napraviti

rangehen^* an lotiti se (česa)

rangieren transitiv urejati po rangu, razvrščati; Eisenbahn premikati, ranžirati; intransitiv an einer Stelle: biti na ... mestu; hinter jemandem rangieren biti po rangu za (kom)

ráno early

ráno zjutraj early in the morning, at an early hour, (ob zori) at dawn (ali at daybreak, at sunrise)
ráno vstajati to rise with the sun, to be an early riser

rap² [ræp] prehodni glagol
udarjati, krcati (po čem); ozmerjati, opsovati, grajati, ukoriti koga
neprehodni glagol
udarjati, trkati (at na, on po)
spiritizirati

spirit-rapping spiritiziranje
to rap s.o.'s fingers udariti koga po prstih, figurativno komu jih po prstih dati
to rap at the door udariti s tolkačem na vrata, potrkati na vrata
she rapped his fingers (knuckles) dala mu jih je po prstih
to rap the table trkati, udarjati po mizi
to rap out prehodni glagol & neprehodni glagol izreči, izustiti, blekniti (kletvico ipd.); preklinjati, kleti, zmerjati, psovati; (spiritizem) poslati sporočila s trkanjem, z udarci
to rap out an oath naglo izustiti, bruhniti iz sebe kletvico

rate¹ [réit] samostalnik
razmerje, odnos, mera, proporcija; odstotki; obrok; pristojbina, porto, taksa, tarifa, (predpisana) cena; tečaj, kurz; stopnja; rang; lokalni, občinski davek; kategorija
navtika razred; poprečna hitrost (hoja, hod)

at an easy rate brez velikih stroškov
at any rate v vsakem primeru, vsekakor, brezpogojno
at the current rate po dnevnem tečaju
at a great rate zelo hitro
at the rate of po ceni od, po tečaju od
at the rate of 30 miles an hour s hitrostjo 30 milj na uro
at the rate of 5 pounds za ceno, po ceni 5 funtov
at that rate v tem primeru, v takih okolnostih, na ta način, če je to tako
at this rate na ta način, če se bo sedanji položaj nadaljeval
at a tremendous rate s strašansko, z noro brzino, hitrostjo
by no rate nikakor, na noben način
rates and taxes občinski in državni davki
rate of the day dnevni tečaj
rate of exchange menjalni tečaj; borzni tečaj
rate of interest obrestna mera
rate of insurance stopnja zavarovanja
rate of issue emisijski tečaj
rate of wages plača
birth-rate število rojstev
death-rate število smrti, umrljivost
a first-rate economist prvovrsten ekonomist
inland rate notranja (tuzemska) poštnina
railway rates železniška tarifa
a second-rate hotel hotel II. kategorije
special rates posebne tarife

ratificírati to ratify; (pogodbo) to confirm; (zakon) to sanction

ratificírati mednarodno pogodbo to ratify an international treaty

ratiōcinor -ārī -ātus sum (ratiō)

1. računati, preračunati (preračunavati), izračunati (izračunavati): Vitr., Petr., (sc. geometriae) metiendi ratiocinandique utilitas Ci.

2. metaf.
a) preudariti (preudarjati), premisliti (premišljevati), razmisliti (razmišljati): principium ego quo pacto cum illis occipiam, id ratiocinor Pl., socii nostri cum belligerare nobiscum vellent, profecto ratiocinati essent etiam atque etiam, quid possint facere Corn.
b) umovati, ume(va)ti, skleniti (sklepati), pri(haja)ti do sklepa, soditi, izvesti (izvajati), izpelj(ev)ati (izpeljavati), povze(ma)ti: Corn., Gell., Macr., Amm., M., ratiocinari inter se (z ACI) Ci., omnia, si recte ratiocinabimur, referemus Antonio Ci., ubi rursus ratiocinamur, an restitutor accipi debeat pro advocato Q., hic dictis mores ratiocinans Milonis Ap.

ration² [rǽšən, réi-] prehodni glagol
racionirati, omejiti obroke (hrane), razdeliti v obroke (hrano) (tudi out)
hraniti, vzdrževati, oskrbovati z živežem

to ration an army oskrbovati vojsko z živežem
to be rationed for food imeti živila racionirana

ráven ravna, -o level, even; (izravnan) levelled; flat; (smer) straight, right; direct

rávna cesta straight road
rávno polje level field
rávna črta straight line, figurativno beeline, as the crow flies
ráven, ravna, -o kot sveča bolt upright, as straight as an arrow
rávne noge straight legs pl
rávna streha flat roof
rávna pokrajina level (ali flat) country
rávna pot je najboljša (figurativno) honesty is the best policy

razdréti to destroy; to demolish

razdréti stroj to take a machine apart (ali to pieces)
razdréti kupčijo to revoke a deal
razdréti naročilo to cancel an order

razglasíti to proclaim, to promulgate; to publish; to announce; to make public; to divulge

razglasíti izvolitev to announce an election
razglasíti zakon to promulgate a law

razlíka difference; distinction; discrepancy

brez razlíke without distinction, indiscriminately, promiscuously
za razlíko od in contrast to, as distinguished from
očitna, frapantna razlíka striking difference
prav nobena razlíka no difference at all really
zaradi razlíke for the sake of difference
razlíka v ceni (mnenju, starosti) difference in price (of opinion, in age)
delati razlíko to make a difference, to make (ali to draw) a distinction
delati krivično razlíko to draw an erroneous distinction
ne delam nobene razlíke med njima I make no distinction between them
ni nobene razlíke there is no difference

razpísati (mesto, službo) to invite applications (for a post, a situation); to invite tenders

razpísati volitve VB to issue writs for election, to call an election, to go to the country
razpísati se to write extensively (o on a subject); to be a prolific writer
razpísati posojilo to float a loan
razpísati referendum to call a referendum

razpúst (čet) disbandment; (društva, parlamenta) dissolution

razpúst zbora, zborovanja dissolution of an assembly

razréšen (dolžnosti) released, discharged

razréšen obveznosti released from an obligation; (problem) solved

razrešítev (naloge, problema) solution; (službe) pravo release; dismissal, discharge

razrešítev dolžnosti relieving of a duty
razrešítev od obveznosti release from an obligation

razuméti to understand; to comprehend, to get, to make out; to grasp, to apprehend, to take in

napačno razuméti to misunderstand, to mistake
ne razumem vas čisto I don't quite follow you
dobro se razumem z njim I get on well with him
tega ne razumem this is beyond me, this is beyond my comprehension, I cannot make head or tail of it
ali naj razumem, da...? am I to take it that...?
me razumeš? do you get me?
(že) razumem I see, I understand
razuméti! radio roger!
ne razumem se na konje I have no experience with horses
nisem mogel prav razuméti njegovega imena I could not catch his name
me razumeš?, si me razumel? do you understand me?, pogovorno got the idea?, pogovorno O.K.?
to se razume that's understood, of course!, I quite see!
slabo ste razumeli you have got hold of the wrong end of the stick
ne razumite me napačno don't get me wrong
to se samo po sebi razume that is a matter of course, that stands to reason, that goes without saying
on se razume na to he is clever at it, he is well versed in it, he is at home in it, he is well experienced (ali skilled) in it
naj me vrag vzame, če razumem! I'll eat my hat if I understand that!
z njim se ni možno razuméti there is no dealing with him
napačno me razumete you mistake me
ona hitro razumeva she is quick-witted
on počasi razumeva he is dull-witted
on ne razume šale he can't take a joke
dobro se razuméti na posle to know one's business
brez nadaljnjega se razume, da... it is an understood thing that...
dobro se razuméti s kom to stand well with someone
dobro se razumejo they get on well together, they get on (ali along) with one another, they are on good terms
ne razumejo se med seboj they are at odds (ali at variance)
ne razumejo se preveč they don't take to one another much
razuméti se kot pes in mačka (figurativno) to get on like cat and dog
dali smo jim razuméti we gave them to understand
dali so mi razuméti, da... I was given to understand that...
tega nisem prav nič razumel (figurativno) I could not make head or tail of it
da, razumel sem! aeronavtika roger!

razvíti razvíjati to develop (tudi fotografija); (sposobnosti) to evolve; (odmotati) to unfold (papir paper); (zastavo, jadro) to unfurl, to hoist; to spread, to unroll; (misli) to set forth; (program) to put forward; (plin) to release; matematika, funkcijo to develop

popolnoma razvíti, razvíjati to bring to full development
razvíti, razvíjati svoje poglede na... (na predmet) to develop one's views on... (on a subject)
razvíti, razvíjati svoje načrte poslušalcem to develop one's plans for an audience
motor razvije 5 konjskih moči the engine develops 5 horsepower
razvíti, razvíjati se to develop, to make progress, to grow, to evolve (iz from), (nastati) to originate, to arise, to take rise (from)
razvíti, razvíjati trgovino to promote trade
razvíti, razvíjati si mišice to develop one's muscles
razvíti, razvíjati socialistične samoupravne odnose to promote socialist self-management relations