Franja

to¹ [tu:, tu, tə] predlog
(osnovni pomen k)

1.
(krajevno) k, proti, do, v, na, poleg, ob

to arms! k orožju!
to the right na desno
from Paris to London od Pariza do Londona
face to face iz obraza v obraz
to his eyes pred njegovimi očmi
next door to us sosedna vrata, tik poleg naših vrat (poleg nas)
shoulder to shoulder z ramo ob rami
come here to me pridi sem k meni
I have never been to Paris nikoli nisem bil v Parizu
to go to the post-office iti na pošto
I bought it to Baker's to sem kupil pri Bakerju
he jumped to his feet skočil je na noge
I told him to his face v obraz sem mu povedal
to take one's hat off to s.o. odkriti se komu

2.
(časovno) do

five minutes to two dve minuti do dveh
to time točno, pravočasno
to this day do danes
to the minute do minute (na minuto) točno
to the last do zadnjega
to live to a great age doživeti visoko starost

3.
(namera, cilj, posledica ipd.)

as to... kar se tiče...
to you pogovorno vam na uslugo
a friend to the poor prijatelj revežev
to what purpose? čemú?
to my delight (disappointment) na (veliko) moje veselje (razočaranje)
to this end v ta namen
to my grief sorrow na mojo veliko žalost
dead fallen to their hands mrtvi, ki so padli od njihove roke
to the rescue na pomoč
sentenced to death obsojen na smrt
that is nothing to me to se me ne tiče; to ni nič zame
what is that to you? kaj te to briga?
to come to hand priti v roke, v posest
here's to you! na tvoje (vaše) zdravje!
to drink to s.o.'s health piti na zdravje kake osebe, nazdraviti komu
to tear to pieces raztrgati na kose
would to God (Heaven)! daj bog!

4.
(stopnja, mera, meja)

to the full do sitega, do mile voije
to a high degree v veliki meri
to a great extent v veliki meri, zelo
to the life točno po življenju
to a man do poslednjega moža
to perfection dovršeno
to a nicety na las
to a T do zadnje pičice
to drink to excess čezmerno piti
they were to the number of 400 bilo jih je 400

5.
(pripadnost, posest)

to my cost na moje stroške
to my credit v mojo korist (moj plus)
to the point k stvari (spadajoč)
heir to his father očetov dedič
preface to a book predgovor h knjigi
a victim to influenza žrlev gripe
designer to a firm risar pri neki firmi
he has a doctor to his son-in-law ima zdravnika za zeta
he took her to wife vzel jo je za ženo
that is all there is to it to je vse in nič več

6.
(odnos, razmerje)

aversion to s.th. odpor do česa
in comparison to v primeri z
nothing to... nič v primeri z...
to all appearance po vsem videzu, po vsej priliki
to my feeling po mojem občutku
to my knowledge kolikor jaz vem
to my taste po mojem okusu
to my mind po mojem mnenju
to my (your etc) heart's desire po moji (tvoji itd.) mili volji
the score is 5 to 4; šport rezultat je 5:4
5 is to 10 as 10 to 20 5 proti 10 je kot 10 proti 20
ten to one deset proti ena
three to dozen tri na ducat

7.
(rabi za tvorbo dajalnika)

he explained it to me razložil mi je to
it seems to me zdi se mi
she was a good mother to him bila mu je dobra mati

8.
(za oznako nedoločnika, pred nedoločnikom)

much work to do mnogo dela (ki naj se opravi)
the time to learn čas za učenje
to be or not to be biti ali ne biti
I want to go želim (hočem) iti
she came to see me obiskala me je
there is no one to see us nikogar ni, ki bi nas videl
what am I to do? kaj naj naredim?
he was seen to fall videli so ga, kako je padel
we expect her to come pričakujemo, da bo prišla
to be honest, I should decline če hočem biti pošten, moram odkloniti

9.
(kot nadomestilo za predhodni nedoločnik)

I don't go because I don't want to ne grem, ker nočem (iti)
I meant to ring you up but had no time to nameraval sem vam telefonirati, pa nisem imel časa (telefonirati)

turn² [tə:n]

1. prehodni glagol
(za)vrteti (v krogu); obrniti, obračati, narobe obrniti; preobrniti, prekopati; odbiti, odvrniti; spremeniti smer, dati drugo smer; odločiti; spremeniti (v), predrugačiti, pretvoriti; prevesti (tekst); skisati (mleko); prekoračiti, preiti; obiti
vojska obkoliti; izogniti se; zaviti okoli, obrniti, nameriti (korak itd.); napotiti, nagnati, spoditi (into v)
šport delati (prekuce, salte, kolo); otopiti, skrhati (nož); naščuvati, nahujskati (against proti)
zmešati (glavo), zmesti, znoriti
ekonomija v denar spraviti, unovčiti; stružiti, zaokrogliti, zaobliti, dati okroglo obliko; lepo oblikovati
figurativno lepo formulirati (stavek)
zastarelo speljati na kriva pota, zapeljati; spreobrniti

2. neprehodni glagol
vrteti se, dati se vrteti; obračati se, obrniti se; prevračati se, prevrniti se
figurativno postaviti se na glavo; postati omotičen; zaviti, kreniti, napraviti zavoj; zateči se (to k)
obrniti se, pogledati nazaj; oprijeti se, lotiti se, ukvarjati se; spremeniti se, spremeniti naravo; skisati se (mleko), postati (žaltav itd.), pokvariti se; stružiti se, postati top, skrhati se (nož)
zastarelo prebegniti, postati uskok (odpadnik, dezerter)

to turn an attack vojska odbiti napad
to turn the (ali one's) back (up)on hrbet obrniti (pokazati); obrniti se proč od
to turn bankrupt priti pod stečaj (v konkurz), bankrotirati, doživeti bankrot, priti na boben
he turned many books in his life figurativno mnogo je prebral v svojem življenju
to turn s.o.'s brain znoriti koga
his brain has turned with overwork zmešalo se mu je zaradi čezmernega dela
to turn bridle obrniti se, začeti se umikati
to turn bear (bull) ekonomija špekulirati na padec (dvig) cen in tečajev na borzi
to turn into cash spraviti v denar (gotovino), unovčiti
to turn the cat in the pan figurativno stvar (že nekako) urediti, v red spraviti
to turn Catholic postati katoličan
to turn the cheek figurativno obrniti (nastaviti) tudi drugo lice, požreti (kaj) zaradi (ljubega) miru
to turn one's coat figurativno obrniti, obračati plašč (po vetru)
he turned his coat izneveril se je svoji stranki, postal je odpadnik
to have an old overcoat turned dati si obrniti star površnik
turned commas narekovaj
to turn colour spremeniti barvo (postati bled ali rdeč)
to turn a compliment napraviti lep poklon (kompliment)
to turn a street corner zaviti okoli uličnega vogala
to turn the corner figurativno srečno prebroditi krizo
to turn a difficulty izogniti se težavi, obiti težavo
to turn a deaf ear narediti se gluhega (to za), ne hoteti slišati
to turn to a dictionary zateči se k slovarju
to turn to the doctor obrniti se na (konsultirati) zdravnika
to turn the edge of a knife skrhati nož
to turn the edge of a remark napraviti opazko manj ostro, omiliti opazko
to turn English into Slovene prevesti iz angleščine v slovenščino
to turn king's (ameriško state's) evidence pravno postati glavna obremenilna priča
he is just turning 50 pravkar je prekoračil 50. leto
to turn a film snemati film
to turn one's face to the wall obrniti obraz proti steni, figurativno biti pripravljen za smrt, (hoteti) umreti
to turn the enemy's flank obiti sovražnikov bok
to turn s.o.'s tiank figurativno prelisičiti koga, premagati koga v debati
to turn one's flght northwards usmeriti svoj polet proti severu
to turn ground prekopati zemljo
his hair has turned grey osivel je
to turn one's hand to s.th. lotiti se, oprijeti se česa
she can turn her hand to anything ona je zelo spretna, praktična
not to turn a hand to help s.o. s prstom ne migniti, da bi komu pomagali
my head turns vse se mi vrti v glavi
his head turned with the success uspeh mu je stopil v glavo
to turn one's head obrniti glavo, pogledati nazaj
to turn s.o.'s head zmešati komu glavo
to turn headsprings šport delati (vrteti) kolesa
to turn head over heels prekucniti se, prekopicniti se
to turn s.o.'s heart figurativno pregovoriti koga
to turn s.th. inside out obrniti kaj (narobe), zvrniti kaj
the joke was turned against me šala je letela name
the key won't turn ključ se ne mara zavrteti
the leaves are beginning to turn listje začenja spreminjati barve
to turn to the left obrniti se, kreniti, zaviti na levo
to turn loose odvezati, izpustiti koga (na prostost); popustiti; ameriško streljati, ustreliti
to turn s.o. mad napraviti koga blaznega
you will turn me mad zblaznel, znorel bom zaradi vas
the milk has turned (sour) mleko se je skisalo
the warm weather has turned the milk (sour) toplo vreme je skisalo mleko
to turn s.th. in one's mind premišljevati kaj
to turn pale postati bled
it turned her pale prebledela je ob tem
to turn an honest penny živeti od poštenega dela (zaslužka)
to turn s.th. to one's profit obrniti kaj v svojo korist, izkoristiti kaj
to turn rancid postati žaltav
to turn s.o. to religion spreobrniti koga (k veri)
to turn and rend napasti s sramotenjem
to turn the scale nagniti tehtnico, figurativno odločifi (kaj)
to turn s.o. sick povzročiti komu slabost
she turned sick slabo ji je postalo, morala je bruhati; zbolela je
to turn a somersault napraviti prekuc, salto
to turn one's steps home kreniti domov
my stomach turns (at) želodec se mi obrača (ob), vzdiguje se mi
it turns my stomach ob tem se mi obrača želodec
to turn a table leg stružiti nogo za mizo
to turn the tables (up)on s.o. figurativno obrniti argumente proti komu, obrniti položaj
to turn tail obrniti se, stisniti rep med noge, zbežati
the tide has turned nastopila je oseka, figurativno sreča se je obrnila (se obrača)
to turn one's thumb down figurativno odkloniti, ne hoteti
to turn traitor postati izdajalec
to turn turtle navtika, sleng prevrniti se
to turn upon s.th. biti odvisen od česa
to turn everything upside down postaviti vse na glavo
the boat turned upside down čoln se je prevrnil
my umbrella turned inside out dežnik se mi je obrnil (sprevrgel)
to turn a Latin verse skovati latinski stih
to turn water into wine spremeniti vodo v vino
my coat won't turn water moj plašč ni nepremočljiv
I don't know which way to turn ne vem, po kateri poti naj krenem, figurativno ne vem ne kod ne kam; ne vem, kaj naj naredim
to turn a wheel (za)vrteti kolo
the wheel turns kolo se vrti
the wind has turned zapihal je drug veter (tudi figurativno)
the whole world has turned topsy-turvy cel svet je postavljen na glavo
this wood turns well ta les se dobro struži
even a worm will turn figurativno tudi najmirnejši človek se brani, če je napaden

verdict [və́:dikt] samostalnik
pravno (raz)sodba porotnikov; verdikt, sodba; odločba, sklep; mnenje, mišljenje

verdict of not guilty oprostilna sodba porote
verdict for the plaintiff sodba v korist tožnika
verdict of the public javno mnenje
open verdict ugotovitev (porote), da je storjen zločin, a je krivec neznan
to deliver (to give) a verdict izreči sodbo
to bring in a verdict of guilty proglasiti za krivega

verdíkt pravo verdict

oprostilni verdíkt verdict of not guilty
verdíkt v korist tožnika verdict for the plaintiff, za obtoženca for the defendant

volume [vɔ́ljum] samostalnik
(posamezna) knjiga, zvezek (knjige)
zgodovina zvitek (pergamenta); vsebina, volumen, prostornina; obseg, volumen; (velika) množina ali količina, masa
figurativno morje, veliko število
glasba obseg, polnost, volumen (glasu)
radio jakost zvoka

the volume of a cask prostornina soda
a work in four volumes delo v 4 zvezkih (delih, knjigah)
a voice of great volume glas velikega obsega (volumna)
a three-volume novel roman v 3 zvezkih
an odd volume knjiga (zvezek) brez para
to speak volumes for zelo govoriti za (v korist), jasno dokazovati
her donations to charity speak volumes for her generosity njeni darilni prispevki v dobrodelne namene jasno govore o njeni plemenitosti

worse² [wə:s] samostalnik
slabše stanje, nekaj slabšega, nekaj hujšega

I have been through worse še hujše stvari sem doživel
to change for the worse spremeniti (obrniti) se na slabše
there was worse to come hujše je še moralo priti
I got (ali had) the worse slabo sem se odrezal
to put to worse potolči, premagati
worse followed hujše je sledilo
if worse comes to worse v najslabšem primeru
he has taken a turn for the worse stanje se mu je poslabšalo
a change for the worse sprememba na slabše
from bad to worse z dežja pod kap
for better, for worse, for better or (for) worse v škodo ali korist, dobro ali slabo; kakor se (pač) vzame