Franja

forgo^* [fɔ:góu] prehodni glagol (s.th.)
odreči se, vzdržati se česa, opustiti kaj

hang off neprehodni glagol
vzdržati se česa

refrain² [rifréin] prehodni glagol & neprehodni glagol
zadrž(ev)ati (se), brzdati (se), krotiti (se); vzdržati se (from česa)
opustiti (kaj)

to refrain oneself obvladati se
to refrain from smoking vzdržati se kajenja, opustiti kajenje
to refrain one's tears zadrževati solze
to refrain from tears (weaping) vzdržati se solz (joka), zadrževati jok

retract [ritrǽkt] prehodni glagol & neprehodni glagol
potegniti (se) nazaj, umakniti (se) (nazaj); stopiti nazaj, odstopiti; vzdržati se, opustiti; preklicati, uničiti, razveljaviti

to retract from a resolve opustiti sklep
to retract an offer, an accusation preklicati ponudbo, obtožbo
there was no retracting poti nazaj ni bilo, ni bilo vrnitve

stay² [stéi]

1. prehodni glagol
(za)ustaviti, zadržati, preprečiti, ovirati (napredek, razvoj)
pravno ustaviti, odgoditi (postopek); poravnati (prepir); (trenutno) potešiti, ublažiti (glad, nestrpnost); zadovoljiti (željo)
pogovorno ostati (vse) do, ostati za

2. neprehodni glagol
ostati; stati, mirovati; pričakovati, čakati (for koga, kaj, da)
začasno se zadrževati, muditi se, prebivati (at, in v, with pri)
obstati, ustaviti se, oklevati (v gibanju, v govoru itd.); biti na obisku (with pri)
šport vzdržati do konca, vztrajati; (redko) počivati, nehati; (redko) trdno stati

to stay at a hotel ložirati v hotelu
to stay at home ostati doma
he is staying in London sedaj se mudi v Londonu
to stay the execution odgoditi prisilno izvršbo (rubežen)
to come to stay pogovorno priti z namenom za popolno nastanitev (naselitev); ustaliti se
to stay a judg(e)ment odložiti izvršitev sodbe
the horse stays 3 miles konj vzdrži tri milje
will you stay dinner? boste ostali pri večerji?
he stayed with me for a month bil je moj gost mesec dni
to stay the night ostati čez noč, prenočiti
money won't stay in his hand denar nima obstanka v njegovih rokah, vedno je brez denarja
to stay put ameriško ostati na mestu, ostati nespremenjen
to stay the progress of an epidemic ustaviti napredovanje epidemije
this snow has come to stay ta sneg se bo držal, bo dolgo ostal
to stay s.o.'s stomach (začasno) potešiti komu glad, figurativno komu pokvariti tek (apetit)
to stay with it vzdržati to
the word has come to stay beseda je ostala, je prešla v vsakdanji jezik
stay! you forget one thing! stoj! nekaj pozabljaš!

alkohól alcohol; liquor

denaturirani alkohól methylated alcohol
absolutni alkohól absolute alcohol
bogat z alkohólom rich in alcohol
suženj alkohóla a slave to drink
tihotapec alkohóla bootlegger
tihotapljenje alkohóla bootlegging
zastrupljanje z alkohólom alcoholic poisoning
vzdržati se alkohóla to abstain from alcohol
ne pijem alkohóla I don't touch alcohol; I don't drink; I'm a teetotaller

death [deɵ] samostalnik
smrt; smrtni primer; uboj, umor; konec, uničenje; kuga

to be the death of s.o. ubiti koga, povzročiti smrt koga
to be in at the death vzdržati do konca
to bleed to death izkrvaveti
to catch one's death of umreti zaradi
to be bored to death strašno se dolgočasiti
arhaično to do to death pogubiti, ubiti, uničiti
it's a case of life and death gre za biti ali ne biti
ameriško, sleng sudden death slab whisky
worse than death zelo slab
sleng death on ves nor na; odličen
to put to death usmrtiti
to lie at the death's door umirati, biti na pragu smrti
pravno civil death zguba državljanskih pravic
as sure as death popolnoma prepričan, čisto gotov
Black Death kuga
field of death bojno polje
I am sick to death of it do grla sem tega sit
certificate of death mrliški list
tired to death na smrt utrujen

die¹ [dai] neprehodni glagol (of od, zaradi)
umreti, izdihniti, poginiti; ugasniti, ugašati; umiriti se; (o)veneti
pogovorno hrepeneti

to die in one's boots, to die with the boots (ali shoes) on umreti nasilne smrti
to die in the last ditch vzdržati do konca
to die game hrabro umreti; ostati zvest
to die hard biti trdoživ
to die in harness umreti sredi dela
to die in one's bed umreti naravne smrti
never say die nikoli ne obupuj
to be dying for s.th. hrepeneti po čem
to die by one's hand narediti samomor
to die of laughing počiti od smeha
a die wish zadnja želja (pred smrtjo)
were I to die for it četudi bi moral z življenjem poplačati

hold^*3 [hóuld]

1. prehodni glagol
držati, obdržati, zadržati; omejiti, zadrževati, ovirati, krotiti; zdržati
šport zadržati nasprotnika; zavezati koga za kaj (to)
imeti (npr. sestanek); imeti, posedovati (zemljo, pravice, delnice, službo); imeti koga za kaj (npr. za poštenjaka); proslavljati (praznik); obdržati (smer); prenašati (alkohol)
vojska & figurativno odbraniti, obdržati (položaj)
pravno odločiti, odrediti; pritegniti (pozornost)
ameriško zadostovati (hrana)
ameriško rezervirati, imeti rezervacijo (v hotelu)
ameriško prijeti, obdržati v zaporu

2. neprehodni glagol
držati se, zadržati se, vztrajati (by, to pri, na čem)
veljati, obveljati; obstati, prenehati; dogajati se, biti

hold! počakaj, ustavi se!
to hold the baby proti svoji želji imeti odgovornost
to hold to bail proti jamstvu izpustiti na svobodo
to hold the bag ostati na cedilu, imeti vso odgovornost
to hold a brief for odobravati, strinjati se
to hold one's breath zadržati dih
to hold the boards obdržati se na odru (igra)
to hold cheap ne ceniti
to hold in check imeti koga v šahu, krotiti
to hold in chase zasledovati
to hold a candle to the devil dajati potuho
to hold in contempt prezirati koga
to hold dear ceniti, čislati, ljubiti
to hold fast čvrsto držati, ne izpustiti
to hold the fort obraniti se
to hold a good hand imeti dobre karte
to hold good veljati, obveljati, izkazati se
to hold one's ground (ali one's own) vztrajati, ne popustiti, biti kos
to hold one's horses potrpeti
to hold s.o. (s.th.) in the hollow of one's hand imeti koga (kaj) v pesti
hold hard! počakaj!, stoj!
to hold one's hand vzdržati se česa
to hold one's head high biti zelo ponosen
hold everything! takoj prenehaj!
to hold at nought omalovaževati, ne ceniti
to hold s.o. to his promise (ali word) držati koga za besedo
to hold pace with iti v koraku s kom ali čim
to hold one's peace (ali tongue) molčati, držati jezik za zobmi
to hold still ostati miren
to hold a stock imeti zalogo, imeti na zalogi
to hold the stage biti v središču zanimanja (igralec na odru)
to hold tight čvrsto (se) držati
to hold true veljati, biti res
to hold water prenesti natančen pregled, veljati; biti vodotesen
to hold a wager staviti
to hold watch stražiti
there is no holding him ne da se ga zadržati, nezadržen je
neither to hold nor to bind ki se ga ne da obvladati, neukročen
the rule holds of (ali in) all cases pravilo velja v vsakem primeru
the place holds many memories kraj je poln spominov
to eat as much as one can hold jesti kolikor kdo zmore

korák step; (tempo) pace

dolg korák stride; (hoja) walk, gait
vojaški, brzi korák double, ZDA double time
hitri korák vojska quick time (ali pace)
paradni, pruski korák goose step
telovadni, gimnastični korák double-quick
čvrst korák brisk step
hlačni korák crotch
odločilen korák decisive step
napačen korák (spodrsljaj) false step
nagel korák a rash step
prvi koráki first steps pl beginnings pl (pregovorov itd.) advances pl
navadni korák vojska ordinary pace
preudaren korák prudent step; figurativno (ukrep) step, move, measure, motion
enakomernih korákov evenpaced
počasnih korákov slow-paced
naglih korákov at a fast pace
nadaljnji korák a further step
s hitrim korákom at a brisk pace
korák za korákom step by step, pace by pace, by steps, little by little, (postopoma) gradually
pri vsakem koráku at every step
na vsakem koráku (povsod) everywhere, (vedno) all the time
dolžina koráka length of stride
menjava koráka change of step
števec korákov pedometer
to je velik korák naprej! that's a big step (ali move) forward!
zima se bliža z velikimi koráki winter is coming upon us apace
držati korák z to keep pace (ali step) with, to be in step with, to keep up with, (figurativno) to keep abreast of (ali up-to-date with)
ne držati koráka to break step, to be out of step (s časom with the times)
izmeriti razdaljo s koráki to pace out the distance
delati velike koráke to make great strides
napraviti korák naprej (nazaj) to step (ali to take a step) forwards (backwards)
napraviti (potrebne) koráke (ukrepe) to take steps (proti against)
napraviti prvi korák (figurativno) to take the first step, to make the first move, to take the initiative
tudi koráka naprej ni mogel napraviti he couldn't walk a step further
napraviti velik korák do uspeha to make great progress towards success, to reach a milestone in one's career
iti v korák z to keep abreast of, to be in step with
prvi korák je vedno najtežji the first step is always the hardest
napraviti dolg korák to stride out
delati dolge koráke to take (ali to make) long strides
delati kratke koráke to take short strides
prvi korák je storjen (figurativno) the first step is taken
napraviti nekaj korákov to go a few steps, to take a few paces
(iz)meriti s koráki to pace (out)
vse moje koráke nadzorujejo they watch every step I take
napredovati z velikanskimi koráki to advance with giant strides
zadeva se ni niti za korák premaknila the affair hasn't got a step further
podaljšati korák to lengthen one's stride
priti iz koráka to get out of step
podvzeti (hitre) koráke to take (swift) steps (v zadevi in the matter)
pospešiti korák to quicken one's pace, to step out
skrajšati korák to shorten one's stride
(s)poznati koga po njegovih korákih (po hoji) to know (to recognise) someone by his step
usmeriti korák to direct one's footsteps
vzdržati korák to last the pace
voziti v koráku! slow down!, dead slow!, ZDA drive slow!

obsédanje siege; investment, (z morja) blockade

opustiti obsédanje to raise a siege
vzdržati obsédanje to hold out, to withstand a siege
začeti obsédanje to lay siege to

próti against

próti (prefiks) anti-, counter-; (smer) towards, to, in the direction of, on, for; contrary to; (čas) about, by, ZDA around; pravo, šport versus (krajšava: v. ali vs.); (v primeri z) compared with
za in próti for and against, pro and con
sredstvo próti remedy for
próti vetru against the wind
próti koncu meseca towards the end of the month
próti šesti uri about six o'clock
Avstralija próti Angliji Australia versus England
próti nam against us
próti mojemu prepričanju (volji) against my conviction (will)
próti pričakovanju unexpectedly, suddenly
próti potrdilu o prejemu on receipt
próti toku against the tide
próti vodi up the river
próti zakonu against the law, illegally, unlawfully
próti zdravemu razumu preposterously, absurdly
próti mojim ukazom contrary to my orders
to je dobro próti glavobolom it's good for headaches
to je próti mojim navadam it is against (ali contrary to) my usual practice
jaz sem próti I am opposed to it
bilo je 30 glasov za predlog, 40 pa próti there were 30 votes for and 40 against
próti meni je bil zelo prijazen he was very kind to me
sem 100% próti I am dead against it
to je próti mojemu prepričanju this runs counter to my convictions
boriti se próti toku to struggle against the tide
delovati próti to counteract, to neutralize, (preprečiti) to thwart, to frustrate, to balk (ali baulk), to baffle
boriti se próti premoči to fight against odds
dvigniti oči próti nebu to look up to heaven
držati pismo próti luči to hold a letter up to the light
glasovati próti to vote »no«
enotno, složno glasovati próti to vote down
glasovati próti predlogu to vote against a motion
nimam nič próti temu I don't mind it, I have no objection to it
nimam nič próti kajenju I don't object to people smoking
ne morem nič reči próti I can say nothing to the contrary
govoriti za in próti to speak pro and con
iti próti domu to head for home (ali homewards)
iti próti severu to go towards the north (ali northwards)
vojska gre próti mestu the army is marching on the town
izpustiti próti kavciji to release on bail
marširati próti sovražniku to march against the enemy
ležati z obrazom próti zemlji to lie face downwards (ali on one's face)
nahujskati brata próti bratu to set brother against brother
napravil sem to próti svoji volji I did that against my own inclination
pluti próti vetru to sail against the wind
porini klavir próti zidu! push the piano up against the wall!
stavim 10 próti 1, da... I bet you ten to one that...
vzdržati próti sovražniku to hold out against the enemy

reproach¹ [ripróuč] samostalnik
očitek, očitanje, graja, kritiziranje; graje vredna stvar; sramota, ponižanje (to za)

reproaches množina, cerkev litanije na veliki petek (zlasti v rimskokatoliški Cerkvi)
a term of reproach zmerljivka, psovka, grda beseda
to abstain from reproach vzdržati se graje (očitkov)
I am free from reproach sem brez graje; nimam si, nimajo mi kaj očitati
he is a reproach to... on je sramota za...
this is a reproach to town to je sramota za mesto
to bring reproach upon s.o. delati sramoto komu, diskreditirati koga
to heap reproaches on s.o. obsuti koga z očitki
to incur reproachs nakopati si očitke
to live in reproach and ignorance živeti v veliki sramoti

see through prehodni glagol & neprehodni glagol
jasno videti, spregledati (namere kake osebe itd.); pomagati (komu) iz težkega položaja, iz težav, da uspe

to see a thing through ne pustiti nekega dela, dokler ni končano, vzdržati, vztrajati do konca; do konca izvesti

shop¹ [šɔp] samostalnik
prodajalna, trgovina, trgovski lokal, blagovnica; delavnica, popravljalnica, oddelek (v tovarni)
sleng ustanova, šola, univerza; zgradba, prebivališče; poklic, stroka, stvari v zvezi s poklicem, s stroko
sleng zapor

all over the shop sleng v neredu, razmetano po vseh kotih, na vse strani
at our shop pri nas (doma, v naši šoli itd.)
the shop britanska angleščina, sleng vojaška akademija, britanska angleščina, sleng Spodnji dom parlamenta
baker's shop pekarna
chemist's shop lekarna
fitting-shop montažna hala
tobacco shop trafika
the other shop konkurenca, konkurenčno (rivalsko) podjetje, ustanova ipd.
to come to the wrong shop figurativno obrniti se na nepravi naslov, slabo naleteti
to keep a shop imeti prodajalno
to set up shop odpreti trgovino
to shut up shop figurativno zapreti prodajalno (botego), nehati z nekim delom
to sink the shop figurativno vzdržati se govorenja o strokovnih (poklicnih) stvareh; prikrivati svoj poklic
to smell of the shop figurativno biti preveč strokoven (poklicen)
to talk shop govoriti (samo) o svoji stroki
he wants to boss the whole shop on hoče vse dirigirati (komandirati)

sódba sentence, judg(e)ment; (porotnikov) verdict; condemnation; (razsodba) arbitrament, arbitration; (mnenje) judgment, opinion, estimation, thinking

poslednja sódba religija Judgment Day, Doomsday, the Last Judgment
božja sódba judgment of God, zgodovina ordeal
napačna sódba error of judgment, wrong verdict
oprostilna sódba porotnikov verdict of not guilty
smrtna sódba death sentence, (listina) death warrant
po moji sódbi in my opinion (ali judgment)
sódba v korist tožnika verdict for the plaintiff
izvršitev sódbe execution of a sentence
pravnomočna sódba final judgment
izvršiti sódbo to carry out (ali to execute) a sentence
izreči sódbo to give (ali to pass, to deliver, to pronounce) sentence (nad on)
razveljaviti sódbo to quash a sentence
spodbijati sódbo to impugn a judgment
spremeniti sódbo to commute a sentence
sprejeti sódbo to submit to a sentence
napraviti, ustvariti si sódbo to form an opinion (ali judgment)
vzdržati se vsake sódbe o neki zadevi to abstain from giving any opinion on a matter

sólza tear

v sólzah in tears
grenka sólza bitter tear
sólze kesanja tears pl of remorse
sólze veselja tears of joy
krokodilove sólze crocodile tears pl
do sólz ganjen moved to tears
do sólz until the tears run
grenke sólze salt tears pl
biti ves v sólzah to be in tears
hitro je ganjen do sólz he is easily moved to tears
biti na robu sólz (figurativno) to be on the brink of tears
to niso mačkine sólze (figurativno) this is not to be sneezed at
sólze je imela v očeh tears stood in her eyes
jokati sólze veselja to weep tears of joy
planiti v sólze to burst into tears
pretakati sólze to shed tears
potočiti sólzo to shed a tear
točiti krokodilove sólze to shed crocodile tears
točiti bridke sólze to shed (ali to weep) bitter tears
topiti se v sólzah to melt into tears
do sólz se smejati to laugh till the tears come, to laugh till one cries (ali till the tears come into one's eyes)
sólze mi pridejo, stopijo v oči tears come into my eyes
smehljati se skozi sólze to smile through one's tears
ni se mogla vzdržati sólz she could not restrain her tears
sólze so ji zalile oči her eyes brimmed with tears, she burst into tears
sólze so ji privrele v oči tears welled up in her eyes

stand up

1. neprehodni glagol
vstati, dvigniti se; stati pokonci (lasje); pokonci se dvigniti (bodice itd.), dvigati se (dim); lotiti se, napasti (against s.o. koga)
(javno) nastopiti, potegniti se (for za)

I'll stand up for him whatever happens potegnil (zavzel) se bom zanj, naj se zgodi, kar hoče; (pogumno) nastopiti nasproti, upreti se (to čemu); šport postaviti se (o moštvu); pogovorno postaviti se pred, stopiti pod (v dežju vedriti); ameriško biti zraven; vzdržati (konj pri dirki itd.); plesati (with z)
to stand up in pogovorno nositi na sebi
I've only the clothes I stand up in imam le obleko, ki jo nosim (imam) na sebi

2. prehodni glagol
(le) zavlačevati; varati, slepiti
ameriško, pogovorno pustiti na cedilu, pustiti zastonj čakati
ameriško, sleng vzdrževati (koga), plačevati (za koga)

stave² [stéiv] prehodni glagol
oskrbeti, opremiti (sod) z dogami, (lestev) s prečkami; razbiti, preluknjati (sod) (često up)
zmečkati (škatlo, klobuk)

to stave it out vzdržati
neprehodni glagol
navtika razbiti se, dobiti luknjo
škotsko, ameriško (slepo) drveti, dirjati

stave out prehodni glagol

to stave it out vzdržati