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zákon

1. (postava, zaveza) law; act (of parliament); tehnika principle

pisani zákon statute
božji zákon divine law
Grimmov zákon gramatika Grimm's law
duh zákona the spirit of the law
po angleškem zákonu under English law
na temelju zákona by virtue of a law, under a law
zbirka zákonov digest (of laws)
zákon ponudbe in povpraševanja the law of supply and demand
zákoni perspektive the laws pl of perspective
kršilec zákona lawbreaker, transgressor, offender
kršitev zákona transgression (ali violation) of a law, offence, ZDA offense
oseba zunaj zákona outlaw
oseba, ki se pokorava zákonu law-abiding person
tolmačenje zákona interpretation of the law, law interpretation
luknja v zákonu loophole in the law
zaščiten z zákonom protected by law
novi (stari) zákon religija New (Old) Testament
z zákonom pooblaščen organ statutorily empowered authority
izdati zákon to pass (ali to promulgate) a law
izvrševati zákone to administer the law
odobriti zákon to ratify (ali to approve) a law
obiti zákon to circumvent (ali to evade) to get round the law
kršiti zákon to infringe (ali to violate, to transgress, to contravene) a law
pasti, priti pod zákon to come under a law
postati zákon to become law, to pass into law
postaviti koga izven zákona to outlaw someone
zákon je prevladal the law prevailed
sprejeti zákon parlament to pass a bill
izboljšati, spremeniti zákon to amend a law
razveljaviti, ukiniti zákon to abrogate (ali to repeal) a law
zákon velja the law is in force, the law is valid (ali binding)
zákon bo stopil v veljavo dne 1. januarja the law will come into force (ali will come into effect) on the 1st of January
temeljiti na zákonu to be based on statutory authority
urejati z zákonom to regulate by statute and constitution
uvajati z zákonom to introduce by statute
uveljaviti zákon to enforce a law, to put a law into force

2. (zakonska zveza) marriage, matrimony, wedlock

civilni zákon civil marriage
divji zákon cohabitation, concubinage
ločitev zákona divorce
nesrečen zákon an ill-assorted couple
poskusni zákon ZDA companionate marriage
njun zákon je bil srečen their marriage was a happy one
zákon je bil ločen the marriage was dissolved
ima sina iz prvega zákona she has a son by her first marriage
živela sta v srečnem zákonu they lived in connubial bliss
živeti v divjem zákonu (figurativno) to cohabit, to live together (as man and wife)

zakríviti to bend, to curve, to crook; (figurativno, biti kriv česa) to be guilty, to render oneself culpable, to be the cause of something

zakríviti zločin to commit (ali to perpetrate) a crime
kdo je to zakrivil? whose fault is it?

zaléči to do; to be effective

protesti niso nič zalegli it was vain to protest
zaléči se (miši) to breed (ali to multiply) in great numbers
to nič ne zaleže that will not do, that is of no avail, pogovorno that's no use

zaméra offence; resentment; grudge; displeasure; huff

brez zamére! no offence!, (there is) no offence meant!, no hard feelings!

zamŕzniti to freeze (up, over); to be covered with ice

ribnik je zamrznil the pond is frozen over
kri mi je zamrznila v žilah (figurativno) my blood froze in my veins
zamŕzniti kredite, cene to freeze credit, prices

zamŕznjen frozen

kanal je zamŕznjen the canal is frozen

zamúda lateness; delay; coming behind one's time

imeti zamúdo to be behind time
imeli smo pet minut zamúde we were five minutes late
vlak je imel precéj zamúde the train was very late (ali was well behind time)
ladja ima veliko zamúdo the boat is long overdue
vlak ima zamúdo the train is late (ali behind time, not up to time)
vlak ima 10 minut zamúde the train is 10 minutes overdue
to je povzročilo našo zamúdo that is what delayed us (ali threw us late)
biti v zamúdi za plačilo davkov to be in arrears (ali behind) with one's taxes
sem v zamúdi s svojo korespondenco I am behindhand (ali in arrears) with my correspondence

zamujèn lost; missed

kar je odloženo, še ni zamujèno all is not lost that is deferred

zanášati to carry away

zanášati se na koga to rely on (ali upon) someone, to trust someone; to place one's trust in, to have confidence in
na mojo uro se ni zanášati there is no relying upon my watch
popolnoma se zanašam nanj I have every confidence in him
zanášati se na srečo to trust to luck
zanaša ga (opoteka se) he is staggering

zanesljív reliable; trustworthy, trusty; dependable; (resničen, gotov, varen, siguren) true, sure, certain, proof against; (verodostojen) authentic, positive

to imamo iz zanesljívega vira we have it from a reliable source
zanesljíva (verodostojna) priča reliable witness
njegov uspeh ni le verjeten, je zanesljív his success is more than a probability, it is a certainty
zanesljíva oseba a person to be depended on (ali upon)

zanêsti to carry away

avto je zaneslo v stran the car went into a skid, the car skidded
zanêsti koga (figurativno, očarati, navdušiti) to carry someone away
zanêsti se na koga to rely upon someone, to depend on someone
nanj se lahko zaneseš he is as good as his word
nanj se ne moreš zanêsti he is not to be trusted
se nanjo lahko zanesem? is she dependable?
se lahko zanesemo na njegovo besedo? can we rely on his word?
upam, da se lahko zanesem na to I hope I can rely upon it
na to se lahko zaneseš! you may depend upon it!, depend upon it!
zanêsti se na srečo to trust to luck

zanímati to interest (koga someone), to be of interest (to someone), to be interesting (to someone)

to me ne zanima I am not interested in it, it has no interest for me, this is of no interest to me
zanimalo te bo zvedeti, da... if will be interesting for you to know that...
zanímati se za... to be interested in, to take an interest in, to have an interest in, to interest oneself in
zelo se zanimam za glasbo I take a great interest in music
njega zanima vse (zanima se za vse), kar vidi he takes an interest in everything he sees

zaostájati to lag behind; to fall behind; (s plačilom ipd.) to be in arrears (z with), to be behindhand (z with); not to keep abreast (z with); (v učenju) to be backward; (v kvaliteti) not to be equal, not to be a match for

oni zaostajajo za našimi vojaki glede hrabrosti they are no match for our soldiers in courage
moja ura zaostaja pet minut my watch is five minutes slow
zaostájati za kom (za čim) to lag behind (ali not to keep up with) someone (something)
on ne zaostaja za nikomer (v) he is second to none (in)
ne smeš zaostájati za njim v vljudnosti you must not be outdone by him in politeness

zapečátiti to seal (up); to affix a seal; to set one's seal (kaj on ali to something)

to je zapečatilo njegovo usodo that sealed his fate
zapečátiti usodo Rima to seal the fate of Rome
njegova usoda je zapečatena his fate is sealed
podpisano in zapečateno od mene given under my hand and seal
mučenci so zapečatili svojo vero s svojo krvjo religija the martyrs sealed their faith with their blood
s sedmimi pečati zapečatena knjiga a book sealed with seven seals, (figurativno) a profound mystery

zapísati to write down; to note down; to jot (down); to put down (za for); to register

zapísati voznika zaradi prehitre vožnje to take down a motorist's name and address for speeding (ali for exceeding the speed limit)
zapísati si to take a note (of), to take down
zapišite me za 50.000 tolarjev put me down for 50,000 tolars
zapisan noted down, registered, jotted down
biti dobro zapisan pri kom (figurativno) to be well thought of by someone, (pogovorno) to be well in with someone
on je dobro (slabo) zapisan pri meni (figurativno) he is in my good (bad, black) books
slabo je zapisan pri svojem šefu he is in a tough spot with his boss
smrt mu je zapisana v obrazu arhaično he has the seal of death in his face

zapór prison; arrest; custody; imprisonment; lockup; detention; confinement; (zgradba) prison, jail

strogi zapór close arrest
v zapóru under arrest, in custody, imprisoned
zapór v samici solitary confinement
hišni zapór confinement to quarters
obdržati, držati v zapóru to detain, to hold under arrest
izpustiti iz zapóra to release
on je pogojno izpuščen iz zapóra he is out on parole
obsoditi na 5 let zapóra to sentence to 5 years' imprisonment
izpustiti iz zapóra proti varščini to release on bail
odvesti v zapór to take into custody
vtakniti v zapór to put in (ali to send to) prison; to place under confinement
strpati v zapór to clap in prison
vreči v zapór to throw in jail

zaprávljanje wasting, squandering; dissipation; prodigality

to je zaprávljanje časa in denarja it is a waste of time and money

zapréka obstacle, hindrance (komu to someone), impediment; hitch; obstruction; barrier; (nenadna) check; bar, hurdle

brez zaprék without obstacles, without a hitch
tek čez zapréke šport hurdles pl; obstacle race
naleteti na zapréke to meet with obstacles, to run into obstacles
naleteti na nepričakovano zapréko to run into a snag
premagati zapréke to overcome obstacles
on je rekorden tekač čez zapréke he is a record hurdler
odstraniti zapréke to remove obstacles
delati komu zapréke to put (ali to throw) obstacles in someone's way
visoke gore so velika zapréka za promet the high mountains are a great obstacle to communication
konj je padel pri prvi zapréki the horse fell at the first jump
biti zapréka za to be an obstacle to
to je bila zapréka za njegovo napredovanje it was a bar (ali a barrier) to his advancement
nekje je bila kaka zapréka (figurativno) there was a hitch somewhere
ni poti brez zaprék no road is without obstacles

zapŕt (vrata) shut; closed; (v zaporu) imprisoned, confined, arrested, in custody, locked up; medicina constipated

pri zapŕtih vratih with closed doors
cesta zapŕta! no thoroughfare!
cesta zapŕta zaradi popravil! road closed for repairs!
váse zapŕt selfcontained, taciturn, reserved
ta kariera mu je bila odtlej zapŕta from then on that career was closed to him
vrata so zapŕta the door is shut (ali is to)
vrata so na pol zapŕta the door is ajar

zapustíti zapúščati to leave; (v oporoki) to will, to bequeath; (pustiti na cedilu) to abandon, to forsake, to desert

zapustíti, zapúščati neizbrisen vtis to leave one's mark (na upon, on)
sluh in vid sta ga zapustila he lost both sight and hearing
zapustila mi je ves svoj denar she bequeathed all her money to me
svoj denar je zapustil neki bolnišnici he left his money to a hospital
delavci so zapustili delo (the) workmen have struck work, (ali are on strike)
zapustíti, zapúščati ljubimca (ljubico) to jilt (ali to reject, to throw over, pogovorno to drop, to ditch) one's lover (one's girl, one's sweetheart)
stražar ne sme zapustíti, zapúščati svojega mesta a sentinel must not desert his post
moči ga zapuščajo he is sinking, his health is failing
moči so ga zapustile his strength failed him
zapustíti, zapúščati se (figurativno) to neglect oneself, to grow careless and slovenly